![]() ![]() The average of these values is known as the Lumosity performance index (LPI). Lumosity measured many aspects of cognitive function such as flexibility, memory, attention, speed, and problem solving. The control group did not receive training. In each training session, participants played the games Speed Match, Memory Matrix, Rotation Matrix, Face Memory, Money Comb, and Lost In Migration. All participants performed the training for a period of 21 days for 10–30 min per day. We used this app because it’s easy to access and use. Lumosity is a brain training application which is available in IOS and Google play. Exclusion criteria were a cognitive impairment (score of <26 on the MMSE) diagnosis of dementia, depression, less than 20/60 vision with or without correction, or current plans to move to another city. ![]() ![]() The Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE Folstein et al., 1975) was used on all subjects. The research protocol was approved by the Institutional Review Board, College of Medicine and KKUH. The study was carried out from October 2015 until April 2016 in the Physiology Department, College of Medicine, King Saud University and in King Khalid University Hospital (KKUH), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. All subjects knew which group they were in (active vs. We excluded any participant who could not complete the training or who missed sessions using the BTG in between the training sessions. We included all participants who were willing to complete the 3-week training period. We divided the participants randomly to either the active group or the control group. After the interview, clinical history-taking and examination were performed. All participants were healthy volunteers. This was a randomized, observational, non-blinded study. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study combining BTG and its correlation with APOE ɛ4 and BDNF plasma levels, especially with reference to improvement of cognitive functions. In addition, assessments of BDNF and ApoE levels and their correlation with cognitive functions were evaluated. In the present study, we assessed whether BTG could improve the cognitive abilities (e.g., AST and MOT) compared to baseline in a group of healthy subjects using a broad battery of Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery (CANTAB) assessments. BDNF has been reported to facilitate long-term potentiation of the hippocampus and cortex, which are important processes for memory and learning. The neurotrophin BDNF has the ability to develop and maintain neuronal function and is important for neuronal plasticity. While APOE has been associated with risk for late-onset AD, its role the impairment of healthy cognitive function is still unclear. In addition to the above, some studies have reported that apolipoprotein E (APOE) and brain-derived neurotropic factor (BDNF) could be play a major role in the development of cognitive functions. These findings, although not consistent across all studies, suggest that BTG is an effective intervention tool for cognitive improvement. ![]() However, other studies showed no positive effects of BTG on cognitive functions and question the application of such systems as cognitive intervention strategies. Many BTG intervention studies have reported increased performance in cognitive tasks such as speed and accuracy, visuo-motor coordination, attention, memory, working memory, and global cognitive function. Indeed, the term “brain training” has become used to describe cognitively stimulating activities designed to improve mental fitness. Recent studies increasingly use brain training games (BTG) to investigate their impact on cognition and possibility of transfer to untrained tasks. A major research focus is to find new technology to understand aging and delay the process of cognitive decline. Īn effective cognitive aging intervention faces 2 challenges: (1) shifting training improvements to untrained tasks and (2) designing interventions that boost compliance. Thus, cognitive functions, including attention, memory, and analytical ability, show a functional decrease with age. These changes are linked to Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and dementia and are linked with impairment in cognitive processes such as short- and long-term memory, speed, and executive functions. During the progress of normal aging, alterations occur in the prefrontal cortex and the medial temporal lobe system, including the hippocampus and the cerebellum. ![]()
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